Structural Composition Of Ball Bearings

Ball bearings consist of four core basic components: steel balls, inner rings, outer rings and retainers, where the retainer is also commonly referred to as a cage. Most industrial ball bearings are manufactured in compliance with the AISI 52100 standard. The steel balls and bearing rings are generally fabricated from high-chromium bearing steel, featuring a Rockwell C hardness ranging from 61 to 65 HRC.

The bearing cage possesses lower hardness compared with steel balls and bearing rings. It is available in both metallic and non-metallic materials. Common metallic options include medium carbon steel and aluminum alloy, while non-metallic alternatives cover Teflon, PTFE and various polymer materials. Compared with journal bearings, ball bearings deliver lower rotational friction resistance, which effectively reduces frictional heat generation under identical operating speeds.

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